The Importance of Vehicle Safety in the Contemporary Period Research Paper

The Importance of Vehicle Safety in the Contemporary Period - Research Paper Example Smashed driving is taboo in the greater part of the nations over the world attributable to its gigantic potential to cause hurt not exclusively to the alcoholic driver yet in addition to different drivers and passers-by. At the point when an individual is flushed, he/she loses the cognizance level that is required to drive judiciously. Defeat with feelings and drowsiness, the individual takes sharp turns and drives at a quick speed. Numerous individuals will in general drive in the wake of drinking imagining that they are too prepared to even think about being trapped in a mishap. A greater part of the alcoholic drivers are very master at driving, however when the individual isn't completely cognizant, the driving ability turns into an auxiliary factor. What the driver principally requires is command over the faculties. An alcoholic driver doesn't understand when he/she accelerated more than should be expected, and in the exact instant, was trapped in the mishap. Wearing a safety belt appears to be a convention to a great deal of drivers and many think of it as too straightforward a defensive measure to be proficient, however it is a principal need of driving. The safety belt is a safeguard. It keeps the driver down and shields the head from crushing against the front mirror or the guiding in the moment when the vehicle out of nowhere strikes against something or is trapped in a mishap. At whatever point a vehicle out of nowhere stops, the lower some portion of the body stops with it while the upper part continues moving at a similar speed because of dormancy. In this manner, drivers that don't wear the safety belt get their heads slammed while the lower some portion of the body stays unblemished. Be that as it may, since the head is injured, it implies the cerebrum is injured. The human cerebrum is among the most touchy body organs and is of prime significance since it controls the body capacities. Any harm to the cerebrum can't be continued by the body. This is the motivation behind why a greater part of the drivers getting wounds in the head passed on at the spot. Along these lines, wearing a seat strap while driving is a must.â

Reporting Essay Topics

Reporting Essay TopicsWriting reports for school assignments and exams, as well as research papers and essays, requires you to create excellent reporting essay topics. While these are all important for your project, it is just as important that you choose the best writing topic for each.As with any type of writing, what you say should be conveyed in a way that will make the reader understand what you are trying to say. The best reporting essay topics provide information about the topic, yet are clear and concise. In order to be able to convey this message clearly, you need to use a certain number of words.Any writer can use a certain amount of words without it affecting their goal. They are required to be able to communicate their idea in an easy to understand manner. The problem is that if you use too many words or too little, your work will not flow as easily.It is true that using too many words in article writing is difficult for some writers. It is important to learn the ways to use fewer words while still conveying the intended meaning. Writing about animals or plants does not mean that you cannot use fewer words; however, you must ensure that your article makes sense.As with any writing project, your objective is to get your articles out there and read by your readers. Many times, you will be given deadlines to produce the information required for the assignment. Make sure that you set a deadline and stick to it.You can find plenty of opportunities to write about topics that interest you when you search the newspaper or visit television stations. By doing this, you will be able to gather some of your reporting essay ideas. It is important to remember that your article should be factual, but at the same time should be interesting enough for readers to want to know more.In addition to your essay topics, make sure that you add a short biography of yourself. You should also ensure that your work is well researched. You should write in the second person when d iscussing a person and use the first person when writing about an event. Remember, as long as your writing is factual, it will remain interesting.If you have an understanding of writing techniques, you will be able to identify good reporting essay topics for a long time to come. However, if you have never written an essay before, this may be a bit more difficult for you.

Marketing Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Promoting Communication - Essay Example It can't be overlooked that such limitations are likewise put in request to forestall the debasement of ladies and to debilitate realism. Moreover, the basis for these limitations could be wellbeing reasons and to keep legislators from abusing appointive promoting. Right off the bat, limitations are set up to keep promoters from deluding customers. This implies promotions are confined from containing bogus proclamations, depictions, representations or cases with respect to material realities or attributes. Besides, there are bodies that are accused of going about as a 'controller' to guarantee that the limitations are maintained. For instance, the Advertising Standards Authority of the United Kingdom managed just about 1,200 cases in regards to wellbeing, excellence, and thinning items in 2003 alone. This obviously shows the quantity of cases in regards to bogus cases will keep on expanding if limitations are not set on the publicizing of thinning items. All things considered, it is obvious that limitations are submitted on commercials in request to keep ads from beguiling shoppers. Ads are additionally managed to forestall the debasement of females. Regularly, the female is utilized as a negligible sex image to lure and titillate the male into buying an item. Consequently, limitations are put to control the degree to which a female is utilized and how she is utilized. On the off chance that this isn't done, all things considered, the picture of the cleaner sex will be corrupted as the individuals will lose the regard of them because of revolting publicizing. In commercials contained inside design magazines, for example, the Vogue, there are in any event 20 pictures concentrated legitimately on the scarcely secured bosom or cleavage. Not exclusively are these recommendations disparaging to ladies intimating that they all simply need to wear as meager as they can pull off, yet they are outrightly unreasonable. In this manner, limitations are set on commercials t o keep the degree of such corruption from heightening further. Notwithstanding that, ads depict ladies as paltry animals that apparently invest 99% of their energy and space harping on magnificence, erotic nature, sex, wellbeing and drawing in a man. One model is a lipstick ad for Revlon. The topic is one of decisions, decisions, and decisions, by what means will one ever have the option to pick a shade of red that is perfect, as though this is the most concerning issue defying a female in a day. Another model is a notice by Savvy, a gems organization whose trademark is Be Brilliant, portraying unclothed female bodies with a case of their gems hung on them. In addition to the fact that it removes the humankind in the image, it gives the impression of ladies' splendor emanating just from the stones that they should wear. This obviously puts forth for the open that ladies are close to sex images. In this manner, such corruption and degradation of females must be held under control thr ough the different limitations set on promotions. What's more, limitations are put on commercials to demoralize realism.

“Not Rounding Off, but Opening Out.” Comment Upon the...

â€Å"Not rounding off, but opening out.† Comment upon the way the writers of the novel and short story deal with the ending in relation to the whole. In your answer you should refer to two or three novels or short stories you have studied. The end of a short story is as important as the start. Some short stories end abruptly, leaving it open for the readers to interpret while others have a moral. In the short story Holiday by Rabindranath Tagore the end is interlinked to the title, ‘Holiday’. In face after reading the story we finally understand why it was given such a title. At the end of the story Phatik has reached his breaking point and he cannot take in anymore. He has been neglected all along and he acts like a ‘stray dog’. The end†¦show more content†¦Johnsy one of the protagonists is suffering from pneumonia and equates her life cycle with the life of a leaf on a vine outside her window. At the end of the story we see, despite all th e characters thoughts as well as the readers the leaf has endured everything and has reinforced Johnsy’s spirit. The doctor says to Sue- â€Å"She’s out of danger. You’ve won. Nutrition and care now- that’s all†. Now because of her optimism Johnsy is going to live. The most unexpected twist comes at the end with correlates the story to the title. â€Å" Ah, darling, its Behrman’s masterpiece- he painted it there the night the last leaf fell.† This ending takes everyone by shock as nothing in the story leads us to think such an end would occur. Mr. Behrman dies of pneumonia to save Johnsy’s spirit. This end has a deep impact on readers and it gives a lot more momentum to the entire story. The theme of sacrifice is finally achieved through this unexpected ending. The title has gained more meaning. In this story the ending has more of an impact than the start and such an ending highlights the characters, title as well as the theme even further. The short story The Tell Tale Heart by Edgar Allan Poe is a story about a murderer. This story is unusual because of the unreliable narration and start but also because of the ending. At the end of this short story, the narrator is having a panic attack and we finally see the

Same Sex Marriage - Implication to Moral Values - 3246 Words

Gay Marriage: Social Implications There has been much controversy on the subject of gay marriage for a long time, and in several different areas. There has been conflict in the educational, the legal (governmental rights), and the religious aspects, among others. Amidst all the confusion and chaos that comes from the usually rather passionate opinions on this issue, the question that seriously needs to be considered is this: How would legalizing gay marriage ultimately affect American society as a whole? One of the most common arguments opposing same-sex marriage is that it would weaken the definition and respect for the institution of marriage. It seems that the understood definition of the word â€Å"marriage† explicitly uses the phrase†¦show more content†¦Lastly, the legalization of gay marriage would be expanding true equal rights to include another minority. How can two institutions be exactly the same if they cannot be called the same thing (i.e. â€Å"marriage† versus â€Å"lifelong partnership†)? To refuse a gay couple to be married is literally denying a minority their rights as a United States citizen and as a human being. It’s denying them their right to â€Å"the pursuit of happiness†, their right to a home and family, and their right to respect, not to mention all the legal and social benefits (such as tax benefits) that a heterosexual husband and wife receive. The rejection is unfair and unjust. There are countless reasons that the issue of gay marriage is one that brings up such frenzied controversy—tradition, religion, education, government power, ethics, bound conscience—and no matter how the topic is dealt with, there will be people who oppose it. But the evidence needs to be considered: equal rights, a recognized and respected committed relationship, a stable family, a home; these are all factors that create and reward a well rounded and working community. By no means would the legalization of gay marriage harm society; the effect of such a union would only by beneficial. http://educateyourselfonissues.wetpaint.com/page/Gay+Marriage%3A+Social+Implications How could gay marriage harm anyone? by Matt Slick Harm is a relative term. What might be considered harmful to one person might not to another.Show MoreRelatedSex Education and Religious Influence Essay1142 Words   |  5 PagesSex Education and Religious Influence Sex. Just reading or saying the word demands attention. Sex is the one of the most important things in our species. Humans rely on sex for reproduction, affection, and pleasure. The surprising thing is about sex is the amount of responsibility and consequences involved. 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This momentous decision arose many controversial questions, many believing our justice system was faulty in the decision making process for an issue of such gravity and lasting implications. Chief Justice Roberts made a principal dissent, claiming that in just one day, the court has transformed the societal institution of marriage that has banded humanityRead MoreThe Protestant Denomination Of The United States1656 Words   |  7 Pagesmany reasons why it stands just equally as polarized and counterproductive. By the 1830s, the Protestant denomination which I am personally familiar with, had begun a few violent attacks against the Catholic, because of their republican values. Later in the same decade, the Protestants again ignited fire into a convention, here in Massachusetts related to difference in views. Within these 35 diverse Christian denominations, 50,873,000 members are Roman Catholic (Catholic) hence the largest. 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Her core dispute however, was on how the subject of sex segregation in the workforce, was predominant and unfair. Moreover, the reason why she put forth the argument in front of the House of Representatives, was to seek for changeRead MoreBrokeback Mountain1522 Words   |  7 Pageshomosexuals as people with the same drives and desires as heterosexual people have only begun to surface in the last few decades.    Roles showing lesbian women and transgender seem to have been more widely accepted especially w hen they are used as humor. The role of the gay man in film and in society seems to be widely accepted when those roles are opposed or when the stereotype of a gay man is needed to inject some humor.    Homosexuals are only now receiving the same attention that other controversial

Sociological Perspectives Of A Young Person With Whom I Work

This essay will discuss sociological perspectives in relation to a young person with whom I work. Throughout this paper, I shall refer to the young person as Laura. This is not the real name of the young person, however by doing this I am complying with our organisations policy of confidentiality. This policy was designed to conform to the Data Protection Act of 1998 to ensure service users confidentiality. Laura comes from a single parent family. Her mother is a drug addict and she has never known her father. Laura is 14 and lives at home with her mother and younger sister. Laura frequently engages in anti-social behaviour and refuses to attend school, therefore, is educated at the Kibble s education and care centre on a day release basis. A family can come in many forms, from nuclear to extended, from single parent and even divorced families. Family has an enormous influence in shaping our lives, identities and ultimately who we will turn out to be. Family categories usually fall into three groups: the nuclear family consisting of a mother, father, and siblings living together. The extended family, consisting two or more families live together such as grandparents, uncles, aunts, or other relatives, and single-parent families. From the first moments of life, we begin a process of socialisation whereby individuals learn to become members of society and gain the skills, values, and behaviours of the culture that they live in. We learn to model by listening and watchingShow MoreRelatedEssay about My Sociological Perspective803 Words   |  4 PagesPeople experience sociological changes when they get married, get a new job, or get discriminated against. All of these things can alter a person’s perspective on a group of people or even the world. Since the beginning of this class, I have personally endured several sociological changes in my life. I recently started a new job. I’m meeting new and wonderful people and I no longer dread having to go to work. I have also begun setting plans for my wedding to the one girl who I know will make everydayRead MoreExtreme Poverty in Japan1501 Words   |  7 Pagesstatistics about poverty in Japan and define what poverty is. Secondly we will look at the ca uses of poverty in Japan and define three groups of poor in Japan. Provided with that information we will look at some sociological perspectives explaining poverty for each group with a different perspective. Statistics The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, or in short OECD, is an international organization of 34 countries to stimulate economic progress and world trade. Among theseRead MoreThe Patterns Of Majority And Minority Interaction1376 Words   |  6 Pagesoccur. Prejudice ideas occur when a person makes a pre-judgment or assumption in regards to another ethnicity. Therefore, when one makes a pre-judgment they assume that they are unlike the group that they are judging. Bigotry on the other hand plays into the idea of discrimination in the sense that people are not approving of a particular minorities lifestyle or cultural values. Lecture number five does a nice job explaining how all three of these concepts work, â€Å"People tend to justify discriminationRead MoreThe Causation Of The Modern Slave Trade1646 Words   |  7 Pagesa multitude of contributing factors, cause and effect, and influences. The causation of the modern slave trade is outlined in chapters three, four, and five of the text: Human Trafficking: Interdisciplinary Perspectives, written by Mary C. Burke. Chapter three, titled, â€Å"Sociological Perspective: Underlying Causes† relates sociology to the concept of human trafficking to better understand the culture behind the slave trade, including political and economic characteristics. A factor contributing toRead MoreDoes Education Enable Western Democracies?2947 Words   |  12 PagesDoes education enable Western democracies to be meritocratic? Investment in the brain is much more rewarding than investment in property. (Young, 1958.) This statement shows the ever growing possibilities and realms which can be achieved and explored just by the use and engagement of our brain. Are these possibilities equal across the education system and amongst all students? Many people in today’s society believe that we live in a world of meritocracy, that the brightest students will ultimatelyRead MoreRace and Caribbean Culture1709 Words   |  7 Pagesas recreate and articulate sociological inequalities within that past. Issues of race, being one of the primary examples of social inequality, often appear in controversial and important works of literature. In the Caribbean Sea, people have had to deal with centuries of racial prejudices and sociological inequity, since the first explorers arrived on the island and demanded that those with darker skins become the slaves of those with light skin. Three particular works of literature, Wide SargassoRead MoreSymbolic Interactionism2313 Words   |  10 Pages10 Professor Arkadie Symbolic Interaction Perspective There are several sociological perspectives including functionalism, conflict, social exchange, and sociological imagination. The one that will be talked about within this paper is called symbolic interaction. 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To help explain the different sociological approaches to health and ill health I will be referring to the case study ofRead MoreSociological Affects of Child Abuse on Victims:2031 Words   |  9 PagesRunning head: Sociological Affects of Child Abuse on Victims: Victims May Become Abusers Sociological Affects of Child Abuse on Victims: Victims May Become Abusers Author: Jenny Bailey Northeast State Technical Community College SOCI 1020 I70 Instructor: Mr. Smith Research Paper July 31, 2009 Research Discovery Process I wrote in my journal 2 to 3 days a week, and most all of the entries were the same: me feeling bad for my children because they have fathers that do not help me raise themRead MoreThe Debate Of Nature V. Nurture1688 Words   |  7 Pagesan abundance of data from things such as experiments, statistics, and the macro perspective of experiences, only then can we find what we think may be the truth. A specific example of a controversial sociological topic is the debate of nature v. nurture. This debate has been going on for a very long time, and it really depends on who you talk to about it. What nature v. nurture refers to is that you are either the person you are because of heredity, or you are who you are because of society and are

Drugs and society Essay Example For Students

Drugs and society Essay The correlation of drugs and drug-using behavior is linked to crime in several fashions. Most directly, it is a crime to use, possess, manufacture, or distribute drugs classified as illegal. Illegal drug sales is also accompanied by violence, which leads to deadlier crimes. Violence against rival traffickers influences each of us daily. More broadly, drugs bear about drug-related behavior. The generation of violence was the result of the effects of drugs. The abuser may be engaging in criminal activities in order to obtain money for the drugs. Drugs also cause individuals to become more violent, aggressive and sexually aroused (which may lead into rape) while under the influence of drugs. In 1996 the National Center on Addition and Substance Abuse (CASA) estimated that of the $38 billion in correctional expenditures; more than $30 billion was spent incarcerating individuals who had a history of drug and/or alcohol abuse. Those who were convicted of drug and/or alcohol violations, wer e high on drugs and/or alcohol at the time of their crime, or committed their crime to get money to buy drugs. Substance abuse and addiction have fundamentally changed the nature of Americas prison population. State prisons, federal prisons, and local jails are bursting at the bars with alcohol and drug abusers and addicts and those who sell illegal drugs. In America, crime, drugs, and substance abuse are joined at the hip. The chemical dependent is most effected by drugs. The penal system has implement several programs in order to keep substance abusers/ chemical dependents from relapsing. Such programs will identify the offenders/chemical dependent, assess their treatment and training needs, separate them from criminal incorrigibles and give them the hand up they need to become productive and responsible citizens. Treatment for chemical dependency educates the person that it is their biochemical reaction to the toxins, which causes the loss of control, similar to an allergy. Empha sis is placed on rebuilding self-esteem, increasing awareness of feelings, and making lifestyle changes to obtain more lasting and more satisfying happiness without chemicals. The most important message of treatment is the comfort and safety felt within a group of people who share in the same struggle. By doing so crime will be reduced. Reducing alcohol and drug abuse and addiction is the key to the major reduction in crime and the prison population. Chemical Dependency (alcoholism and drug addiction) part I. Chemical Dependency is the compulsively repetitive conversion of brain chemistry. This alteration is achieved by means of a toxin (drug or alcohol). The alteration is accomplished in order to produce temporary relief from frustration, grief, or pain quickly without changing the thoughts or behavior that cause these negative feelings. There are several characteristics of the chemically dependent/ drug abuser. Chemically dependent people typically have low self-esteem; they are lacking coping skills, and social skills. The drug abuser more often come from abusive, chemically dependent, and dysfunctional family systems. They appear to be bored, confused, lonely, depressed, and angry. Although they feel guilty about their loss of control over their using and their behavior, thoughts, and feelings; the chemical dependent tend to blame others or external circumstances. The drug abuser will deny that they have a problem. Chemical dependency is labeled as a disease. Although there is no know cure. Chemical dependency is a treatable disease. This disease can be held in remission through a basic lifestyle change (i.e. not associating with drug abusers). The tendency to relapse is always present. The degree of dependency on chemicals always increases, even when the person is not using. Drug abuse can be fatal if allowed to progress. Chemical dependency is generally defined as the use of a drug with such frequency that the abuser has physical or mental harm or it impairs social abilities. There are three basic characteristics that indicate that an individual is dependent on a drug. First, the abuser continues to use the drug for an extended period of time. Second, the abuser finds it difficult to stop using the drug. They may drop out of school, steal, go to jail, lose their jobs, or leave their families in order to keep using. Finally, the abuser has withdrawal symptoms when drug use is stopped. They may undergo physical pain or mental distress. The drug mimics a natural process in the brain called neurotransmission. This is when a brain cell releases a signal to another brain cell. The signal then returns to the first brain cell. The signal is called a neurotransmitter. One major neurotransmitter is called dopamine, which is involved in feelings of pleasure. When the drug is released into the brain, it blocks the dopamine from returning to the first brain cell. Repeated use changes the brain cells so that normal messages cant be sent between brain cells. The drug must always be present in order for neurotransmissions to take place. The abuser is only able to feel pleasure from the cocaine rather than the things he/she used to find pleasurable. Hence we have drug addiction or chemical/drug dependency. Psychoactive drugs those drugs that influence or alter the workings of the mind, affect moods, emotions, feelings, and thinking processes. There are four categories of psychoactive drugs. These categories are hallucinogens or psychedelics, stimulants, opiate narcotics, and sedative- hypnotic chemicals. These groups are then categorized into two groups, stimulants and depressants. Stimulants are drugs that speed up signals through the nervous system. They produce alertness, arousal and excitability. They also inhibit fatigue and sleep. They include the amphetamines, such as cocaine, caffeine, and nicotine. Depressants slow down the signals through the nervous system. They produce relaxation, lowering of anxiety, drowsiness, and sleep. They include sedatives (such as barbiturates, alcohol, and tranquilizers) and narcotics (heroin, morphine, opium, codeine), which dull the minds perception of pain. Some drugs are not included in the stimulant/depressant categories. An example is the hallucinogens, such as PCP and LSD, which produce unusual mental states such as psychedelic visions. There are four stages that the drug abuser will experience. In the first stage, the drug abuser will experience no superficial behavioral changes caused by the use of drugs. The drug use is considered normal. In the second stage, the abuser actively seeks the euphoric effects of the drug by using it more frequently. A reliable source of the drug is established. The abuser may add mid-week use rather than only on weekends or at parties. In younger abusers, a general lack of motivation is noticed, along with changes in friends and lower grades. In the third stage, the abuser is extremely preoccupied with the desire to experience the effects of the drug. The drug is used daily. There may be thoughts of suicide and/or depression. There may be family problems or trouble with the law. In the fourth and final stage, the abuser has become addicted. They are dependent on the drug just to feel normal. Role of Women EssayPCP is a hallucinogen. It alters consciousness, mood, and sensation and distorts visual sensation, taste, smell, touch, or hearing. The abuser experiences a profound departure from reality. He/she is capable of severe disorientation and bizarre behavior. These PCP-induced effects may lead to injuries or death while under the influence. When it is used regularly or chronically, judgment, concentration, perception functions, and memory are affected. It may lead to permanent changes in thinking, memory, and motor skills. Addicted mothers deliver babies who have motor, auditory, and visual problems. They may also have reactions similar to that of someone who is under the influence of PCP. People, who are chemically dependent of PCP, are usually committing crimes that generate funds. These crimes are generally not committed to support their habit. PCP is the most commonly drug used among the correctional population. The last physical change resulting form drug use is withdrawal. Withdrawal stems from the discontinuance of administration of a drug. When withdrawal transpires, there are certain physical symptoms that occur when the abuser is dependent on the drug. The physical symptoms the chemical dependent may have are nausea, diarrhea, and pain, but they vary between drugs. Cocaine abusers report depression when denied the drug. Since heroin is a very addictive drug, it has many withdrawal symptoms. Example are, insomnia, muscle cramps, nausea, sweating, chills, panic, tremors, loss of appetite, yawning, runny nose, and watery eyes. Many inmates participate in outpatient drug treatment, which includes a range of protocols, from highly professional psychotherapy to informal peer discussions. Counseling services vary considerably and include individual, group, or family counseling; peer group support; vocational therapy; and cognitive therapy. Aftercare, considered necessary to prevent relapse, typically consists of 12-step meetings, periodic group or individual counseling, recovery training or self-help and relapse prevention strategies, and/or vocational counseling. For those needing more intensive rehabilitative services during the transition or aftercare phase, residential treatment is sometimes provided. Many inmates in the judicial system are offer alternatives to their drug problem. Those who utilize these alternatives do so that they may not have to serve jail time. One such organization that offers this type of program is the Behavioral Health Service Inc. The Behavior Health Services Inc. offer this type of structure at the Pacifica House. Behavioral Health Services Inc. is an establishment that provides a compreshensive, system of healthcare programs and community education which enhance the prevention and rehabilitation of conditions that reduce the individual to live to the fullest extent. The Behavioral Health Services, Inc. has prided provided a continuum of substance abuse treatment services, which meets the needs of most chemically dependent patients, since 1973. The Behavioral Health Services, Inc. programs are based on the philosophy that recovery from addiction is a life long process. Their services are based on abstinence, 12-step involvement, and family participation and relapse prevention. Pacifica House (Drug and Alcohol Treatment Program)The Behavioral Health Services Inc. has several treatment centers. One of which is called the Pacifica House. The Pacifica House is located in Hawthorne California. This treatment center services chemically dependent men and women. The men and women who enter the program are sometime mandated by the court to enter the program. The Pacifica House is a residential coed drug and alcohol abuse treatment program. The Pacifica House offers long term and short term treatment services for the chemical dependent individual. The length of stay is dependent upon the individual. The Pacifica House is funded by the Los Angeles County Department of health Services, Alcohol and Drug Programs Administration. Services offered by the Pacifica House are in a structured environment. Participants are offered comprehensive treatment services including individualized treatment planning, educational groups, individual and group counseling. The services are available in Spanish and English. The Pacifica House accepts men and women 18 years of age and older. The individual must be detoxified and capable of self-care upon entering the program. Once accepted the individual will be assessed. Individual are able to participate in a wide variety of programs. Programs such as family counseling, dual diagnose groups, relapse prevention, urinalysis/ drug screen testing, referral to community services (i.e. job placement), HIV/AIDS education, aftercare, 12 step groups and alumni services. For several decades, drug use has shaped the criminal justice system. Drug and drug-related offenses are the most common crime in nearly every community. Drug offenders move through the criminal justice system in a predictable pattern: arrest, prosecution, conviction, and incarceration, release. In a few days, weeks, or months, the same person may be picked up on a new charge and the process begins again. Studies have shown successes for inmates in treatment programs. This proves the need to attack drug crime with treatment programs. The results say loud and clear that intensive, institutional drug treatment, when followed by structured transitional support and supervision, makes our communities safer and gives offenders a real opportunity to turn their lives around. It is extremely a difficult and complex to prove that crimes that are caused by the drug user, are caused because of the drug use. The drug user may be prone to a life of crime regardless of the drugs, however the drug u se only enhances the individuals unfortunate and terrible situation. What is most important is through the proper drug treatment a drug offender can become a productive, positive member of society. Bibliography:Bibliography1. Drugs and Crime Facts 1994. (NCJ154053). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics 1995. 2. The Effectiveness of Treatment for Chemical dependencys Under Criminal Justice Supervision. Lipton, D., Washington, DC, National Institute of Justice Research Report, November 19953. Field, G. Oregon prison drug treatment programs. In C. Leukefeld and F. Tims (eds.), Chemical dependency Treatment in Prisons and Jails. Research monograph series #108. Rockville, MD: National Institute on Chemical dependency, 1992. Wexler, H., 4. Falkin, G., and Lipton, D. Outcome evaluation of a prison therapeutic community for substance abuse treatment. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 17, pp 71-92, 1990. 5. Administrator of the Pacifica House; Ron Simmions

Buddhism Essays (1735 words) - Nondualism, Nstika, Buddhism

Buddhism Buddhism is one of the major religions of the world it was founded by Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha, who lived in northern India from c.560 to c.480 BC. The time of the Buddha was a time of social and religious change, the development of trade and cities, the breakdown of old tribal traditions, and the rise of many new religious movements that answered the demands of the times. These movements came from the Brahmanic tradition of Hinduism but were also reactions against it. Of the new sects, Buddhism was the most successful and eventually spread throughout India and most of Asia. Today Buddhism is divided into two main branches. The Theravada, or "Way of the Elders," the more conservative of the two, it is mainly found in Sri Lanka, Burma, and Thailand. The Mahayana, or "Great Vehicle," is more liberal, it is found mainly in Taiwan, Korea, and Japan, and among Tibetan peoples, where it is known by its emphasis on the Buddhist Tantras. In recent times, both branches, as well as Tibetan Buddhism, have gained followers in the West. It is almost impossible to tell the size of the Buddhist population today. Statistics are difficult to obtain because some individuals may have Buddhist beliefs and engage in Buddhist rites while maintaining folk or other religions; these people may or may not call themselves Buddhists. Nevertheless, the number of Buddhists worldwide is estimated at more than 300 million. The matter of what Buddha's original teachings were cause of major controversy. Even so, it is said to have centered on certain basic doctrines. The first of the Four Noble Truths, the Buddha held, is suffering. By this, he meant not only that human existence is occasionally painful but that all beings--humans, animals, ghosts, hell-beings, even the gods--are caught up in samsara, a cycle of rebirth, a maze of suffering in which their actions keep them wandering. Samsara and karma are not doctrines specific to Buddhism. The Buddha, however, specified that samsara is characterized by three marks: suffering, impermanence and no self. Individuals not only suffer in a constantly changing world, but what appears to be the "self," the "soul," has no independent reality apart from its many separable elements. The second Noble Truth is that suffering itself has a cause. At the simplest level, this may be said to be desire; but the theory was fully worked out in the complex doctrine of "dependent origination," which explains the interrelationship of all reality in terms of an unbroken chain of causation. The third Noble Truth is that this chain can be broken--that suffering can cease. The Buddhists called this end of suffering nirvana and thought of it as a rebirth, an escape from samsara. Finally, the fourth Noble Truth is that a way exists through which this reversal can be brought about, the practice of the noble Eightfold Path. This combines ethical and disciplinary practices and training in concentration and meditation with initial faith, which is finally transformed into wisdom. With the death of the Buddha, his followers immediately faced a crisis, what were they to do in the with their master gone? The followers who had remained householders proceeded to honor his bodily relics, which were monuments called stupas. This was the beginning of a cult of devotion to the person of the Buddha that was to focus not only on stupas but also on many holy sites, which became centers of pilgrimage, and eventually on Buddha images too. On the other hand, those Buddhists who had become monks and nuns took on the gathering and preservation of their departed master's teachings. According to tradition, a great council of 500 monks was held at Rajagriha, immediately after the Buddha's death, and all the Buddha's sermons and the rules of the discipline were remembered and recited. In the years that followed, the monks gradually unified their communal life. Like many other wandering mendicants of their time, they were always on the move, coming together only once a year for the three months of the monsoon. Gradually, these rain-retreats grew into more structured year-round settlements. As new communities developed, it was inevitable that some differences in their understanding of both the Buddha is teaching and of the rules of the order should arise. Within

Nevada Vital Records - Birth, Death and Marriage Certificates

Nevada Vital Records - Birth, Death and Marriage Certificates Learn how and where to obtain birth, marriage, and death certificates and records in Nevada, including the dates for which Nevada vital records are available, where they are located, and links to online Nevada vital records databases. Nevada Vital Records:Division of HealthVital StatisticsCapitol Complex505 East King Street #102Carson City, NV 89710Phone:  (775) 684-4280 What You Need to Know:  Personal check or money order should be made payable to  Office of Vital Records.  To verify current fees, the telephone number is (775) 684-4242. This will be a recorded message. Information on current fees is also available on the  Nevada State Health Division website. The applicant MUST include a copy of a photo ID with the request. Web site: Nevada Office of Vital Statistics   Nevada Birth Records: Dates: From July 1911 Cost of copy: $20.00 Comments:  Ã‚  Birth records are confidential in the state of Nevada and may only be released to a qualified applicant. A qualified applicant is defined as the registrant, or a direct family member by blood or marriage, his or her guardian, or his or her legal representative. With your request include as much as you can of the following: full name at birth, date and place of birth, fathers name, mothers maiden name, your relationship to the individual and legal need for a copy of the record, your name and address, a copy of your photo ID, and your signature.Application for Nevada Birth Certificate For earlier records, write to County Recorder in the county which the event occurred. Nevada Death Records: Dates: From July 1911 Cost of copy: $20.00 Comments:  Death  records are confidential in the state of Nevada and may only be released to a qualified applicant. A qualified applicant is defined as the registrant, or a direct family member by blood or marriage, his or her guardian, or his or her legal representative. With your request include as much as you can of the following: full name of decedent, date and place of death, social security number (if known), decedents fathers name, decedents mothers maiden name, your relationship to the individual and legal need for a copy of the record, your name and address, a copy of your photo ID, and your signature.Application for Nevada Death Certificate   For earlier records, write to County Recorder in the county which the event occurred. Nevada Marriage Records: Dates:  Indexes since January 1968.   Cost of Copy: $10.00 Comments:  The state office only has indexes since January 1968. Certified copies are not available from the Nevada State Health Department. For certified copies of marriage certificates, you must write to the County Recorder in the county where the license was purchased. Nevada Divorce Records: Dates: Indexes since January 1968. Cost of copy:  $10.00 (index search only); cost of record from county varies Comments: Indexes since January 1968. Certified copies are not available from State Health Department. For divorce records, you must write to the County Clerk in the county where the divorce was granted. More US Vital Records - Choose a State

Journal Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 30

Journal - Assignment Example She was sometimes exposed to sex, and sometimes to sex abstinence, write Tasca et al. (110-119). It was in the second millennium BC that this condition started being studied as a disease in medicine with little scientific innovation. Theories proposed by Galen were the only scientific therapies that contributed to the study of this disease (Tasca et al. 110). In the 20th century, several studies were conducted to determine the risk factors for this disease so that actual solution could be reached. Hence, our views of female gender made the origin of this disease a wrong one, since we associated it with female weakness brought about by supernatural or demonological factors. This pseudo-scientific prejudice and our biased views regarding female gender misinterpreted and misunderstood this mental disorder, which is now considered as a proper mental illness that can be improved and corrected by proper therapies and

Nursing personal statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Nursing - Personal Statement Example With time, I developed a need and desire to refocus my career goals to become an established psychiatric mental nurse practitioner with a command in this particular area of nursing. In order for me to actualize my career goals and professional development, I realized there was a need to increase the depth, and scope of my knowledge, skills and experience in this particular field. This would enable me to conform to the current standards of delivering patient centered care with integration of evidence based practice and clinical experience in order to optimize patient care outcomes. In order for me to achieve my goal, I have to enroll for a master degree in PMHNP (Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioner) that would increase my knowledge and hands on skills in this specific field of nursing practice. In particular, this program offers me the necessary biopsychopharmacotherapeutic knowledge and skills that will enable me to function well as a PMHN (Psychiatric Mental health Nurse) w ith regard to diagnosing various psychiatric disorders, managing of various psychotropic medication, and promoting the health of the psychiatric mental health patient. ... I have the necessary experience which is a prerequisite for admission to the MSN PMHN program. During my work as a nurse both in the hospital and in the home care, I interacted with patients with psychiatric disorders and actively participated in their treatment and management plans. In particular, I was part of a team that handled psychiatric cases. I personally participated in the physical assessment of the patients and the process of diagnosing the disorders. My participation in the diagnosis process included participating in many of the tests performed to aid the diagnosis. I participated in designing of their treatment plan and its implementation. I also participated in the development of long term palliative care plans for most of the patients with psychiatric disorders. I monitored their progress and response to treatment (both pharmacological and psychotherapy). Apart from the experience that I gained by directly working with patients with psychiatric disorders, I also worked with patients with other disease conditions. In the process, I gained valuable experience needed by the practicing nurse in a clinical setting. I have experience in using handoff communication tools like â€Å"I pass the baton† and SBAR. These tools provide a standard mechanism for communication between nursing personnel and account for a large percent in reduction of medical errors. I also have developed critical skills and experience in using standard research methods within a clinical setting to obtain relevant and up to date information with regards to essential guidelines that are to be observed while handling a continuum of medical conditions presented b patients. I have acquired skills that enable me to apply evidence based practice to developing meaningful and practical

Native Americans vs. Whites Essay Example for Free

Native Americans vs. Whites Essay Native Americans had no other option than assimilation. Today, we have the right to choose. Back in the days you had rights only if you were part of the elite society, in this case, a white person. White people were so hungry power that they did whatever they had to as to gain all the land that belonged to the Native Americans. They took advantage of the inocense of the Native Americans and achieved their goals. Whites wanted total control over the Native Americans, they forced them to assimilation, tricked them and took everything away from them. Back in the 1800s white americans came into the Sioux lands where Native Americans settled, they wanted to have their lands, the gold and all those sources which back then meant a lot.. White people always wanted to have total control. They believed everything had to be done as they said because they were superior and for it they ruled and they deserved everything they wanted. They forced the Native Americans to leave their home lands and put them to live on reservations. Some reservations were the Lakota, Pine Ridge, Rosebud and Standing Rock. Whites wanted the Native Americans to become so like them that they banned the Ghost Dance on Lakota reservations in December 1890, then on Pine Ridge and Rosebud as the rites of this religious fervor continued. Native Americans were very naive, but still they struggled againt the whites trying to remain with some dignity and being loyal with in themselves. As the Ghost Dance was banned, Short Bull, Kicking Bear and Sitting Bull tried to resist since they didnt like to be told what to do. By the end, a struggle struck where Sitting Bull died, and none of the Native Americans efforts were worth since the whites always had their way. Assimilation should be an option not an obbligation. Whites wanted the Native Americans to mish into their culture, customs and beliefs as a way to assimilate and become more like them. They wanted Indians to convert into christianity and to speak their languange (English). They even gave them Christian names and banned eveything that was not good for the whites eyes. Native Americans had no saying in this whole situation, they either accepted it or died (second option was the best for the whites since they wanted to exterminate the indian race). Charles Eastman, once called Ohiyesa was a great example of this assimilation. He couldnt resist to the white orders so he became assimilated, he was going to med school and had a romance with Elaine Goodell, a teacher of the reservations. Native Americans passed through a lot, they were tricked and constantly abused. They were forced to leave their lands and put to live on reservations, where life wasnt easy at all. Some refused to leave their lands but as the situation worsen, they had no other option than accepting. Native Americans and whites were not always fighting, they usually traded and negotiated peacefully. Things went peacefully until the whites started tricking the Indians, like signing the treaty of Traverse de Sioux; when Red Cloud signed it they were promised many things which never happened, the whites tricked him and now he had no option than signing or all of the tribe would be killed. Also General Sherman and General Custer, they were always trying disastrous things against the harmless Native Americans, like burning their homes and forcing them to do things they didnt want to. The whites betrayed the Native Americans, but there was nothing the Indians could do, if they tried to rebel against the whites they would end up just like Sitting Bull. It is clear that the only way Native Americans could survive was by assimilating. I think the whites went too far. They were very rude and hard to the Indians. I believe we were all born with differences and were all raised differently, just as the Native Americans and the whites, but to the eyes of God we are all equal, and for that major reason we should all accept who we are. Assimilation was a great option, but it was opt to them if they wanted it or not. Native Americans were very ignorant and whatever they were said they would believe it. I think many of the events that happened could have been prevented if the whites tried to communicate and kept real the promises they made to the Indians. Most of this was for the governments fault, but it is more than obvious that they will never accept it. http://alyidel. blogspot. com/.

William Wordsworth :: essays research papers

One of the most famous poets in literary history is that of William Wordsworth. He lived between the years of 1770-1850. He was a very strong poet and many of his works have some degree of a pessimistic view to them. They could be understood after the hard life he led. He saw the French Revolution at its height and wrote several poems about it. He had an illegitimate daughter with a woman in France. When he returned back to England he married Mary Hutchinson, who gave him two sons and another daughter.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Till this day we can read the famous poems and ballads of Wordsworth. One poem that caught my attention was that of Scorn not the sonnet. The poem is rather interesting and brings up other poets before his time. It also talks about the form and the meaning of a sonnet. He talks of the sonnet as a delicate work of art. Wordsworth describes each part of the sonnet by talking of another poet. He describes how one of the other poets helped shape the form of sonnet writing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the first two lines of the poem he is writing of a critic. Wordsworth writes â€Å"Scorn not the sonnet; Critic, you have frowned, mindless of its just honors;† These two lines state the critic or the audience is not able to understand what is being written in the sonnet. Wordsworth from the beginning says that the sonnets hold honor in their form of literary writing. This style of writing was very popular among the sixteen hundreds and most well known writers are known because of their sonnets. The sonnets gave the writers honor as the sonnet took honor of its own.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Next he goes on to say, â€Å"with this key Shakespeare unlocked his heart;† Without going into great detail Shakespeare is none for his incredible sonnets as well as hi plays. Wordsworth here begins to show how each poet contributed to this writing still. He begins off with Shakespeare. Wordsworth explains that through these sonnets Shakespeare’s heart was opened so therefore he was able to write such meaning full sonnets with love and passion. By the honor that was bestowed by the sonnets Shakespeare was able to be more expressive and gain his own honor.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Petrarch, who was one of the early sonnet writers is also one of the great Italian poets. His sonnets dealt with his unrequited love for a woman by the name of Laura.

Psychoanalytic Analysis on the Black Cat

A Psychoanalytic Analysis on The Black Cat By Edgar Allan Poe First of all, let us go into the world of â€Å"The Black Cat† and delve into the inner workings of the dark side of the human mind. ‘The Black Cat' is a story that leaves the reader perplexed to some extent. It certainly contains all the ingredients necessary to satisfy the appetite of any Poe enthusiast – an enigmatic narrator, alcohol , mutilation, strangulation, murder, and, last but not least, one of Poe's slight obsessions, perversity In the story, The Black Cat, there is a lot of symbolism regarding hidden attributes of his life.The black cat itself represents not only a hidden meaning but a meaning the narrator wished to keep hidden. The black cat symbolizes the narrator's or Poe's alcoholism. Edgar Allen Poe has been accused of being an alcoholic throughout his life and it may have actually lead up to the cause of his death. The short story may give a subtle view at Poe's fight with the disease and the disease's eventual triumph. The black cat may not only be a symbol of the alcoholism that Poe faces but perhaps just his conscious in general regarding most anything deviant.By depicting mental conflict, Poe reveals the theme that the human mind would be healthy and alive if it were incapable of thought, but since it is a mind and does possess the power of introspection and self-knowledge, then that very power and knowledge spell its death. From this protagonist with conflicting thought, we may experience more or less Poe’s inner world of himself in which his mind is half mad and full of horror like the narrator of â€Å"The Black Cat†. Poe was afraid of the fits of temper that came over him while he was drinking. When sober he was a gentleman, courteous in any situation, and the very soul of gentility.When he was affected by alcohol, however, the suppressed rage that he felt for what he considered the injustices of a gross and unfeeling would expressed itself in vituperation and violence. In creating the narrator of â€Å"The Black Cat†, Poe distorted and exaggerated all the faults of his personality while drunk. Even though the narrator denies this, we becomes increasingly aware of his superstitious belief as the story progresses from the fact that he calls his cat, Pluto, who in Greek and Roman mythology was the god of the dead and the ruler of the underworld.One moment he will be in a perfect frenzy of violence, with nothing but curses and vituperation even for those he loves. Very quickly, however, he is overcome with remorse and is sorry for all that he has said and done. We can prove this by reading the following sentences: Who has not, a hundred times, found himself committing a vile or a silly action, for no other reason than because he knows he should not? Have we not a perpetual inclination, in the teeth of our best judgment, to violate that which is Law, merely because we understand it to be such? This spirit of perver seness, I say, came to my final overthrow.It was this unfathomable longing of the soul to vex itself—to offer violence to its own nature—to do wrong for the wrong’s sake only—that urged me to continue and finally to consummate the injury I had inflicted upon the unoffending brute. The narrator is not Poe, but Poe used details of his own experience in the character of the narrator. Indeed, Poe places the subconscious condition of the mind under investigation and probes beneath the surface of normal existence. What interests him most is the deep abyss of the unconscious and subconscious mental activity of the people, the subterranean recesses of the mind at work. Psychoanalytic Analysis on the Black Cat A Psychoanalytic Analysis on The Black Cat By Edgar Allan Poe First of all, let us go into the world of â€Å"The Black Cat† and delve into the inner workings of the dark side of the human mind. ‘The Black Cat' is a story that leaves the reader perplexed to some extent. It certainly contains all the ingredients necessary to satisfy the appetite of any Poe enthusiast – an enigmatic narrator, alcohol , mutilation, strangulation, murder, and, last but not least, one of Poe's slight obsessions, perversity In the story, The Black Cat, there is a lot of symbolism regarding hidden attributes of his life.The black cat itself represents not only a hidden meaning but a meaning the narrator wished to keep hidden. The black cat symbolizes the narrator's or Poe's alcoholism. Edgar Allen Poe has been accused of being an alcoholic throughout his life and it may have actually lead up to the cause of his death. The short story may give a subtle view at Poe's fight with the disease and the disease's eventual triumph. The black cat may not only be a symbol of the alcoholism that Poe faces but perhaps just his conscious in general regarding most anything deviant.By depicting mental conflict, Poe reveals the theme that the human mind would be healthy and alive if it were incapable of thought, but since it is a mind and does possess the power of introspection and self-knowledge, then that very power and knowledge spell its death. From this protagonist with conflicting thought, we may experience more or less Poe’s inner world of himself in which his mind is half mad and full of horror like the narrator of â€Å"The Black Cat†. Poe was afraid of the fits of temper that came over him while he was drinking. When sober he was a gentleman, courteous in any situation, and the very soul of gentility.When he was affected by alcohol, however, the suppressed rage that he felt for what he considered the injustices of a gross and unfeeling would expressed itself in vituperation and violence. In creating the narrator of â€Å"The Black Cat†, Poe distorted and exaggerated all the faults of his personality while drunk. Even though the narrator denies this, we becomes increasingly aware of his superstitious belief as the story progresses from the fact that he calls his cat, Pluto, who in Greek and Roman mythology was the god of the dead and the ruler of the underworld.One moment he will be in a perfect frenzy of violence, with nothing but curses and vituperation even for those he loves. Very quickly, however, he is overcome with remorse and is sorry for all that he has said and done. We can prove this by reading the following sentences: Who has not, a hundred times, found himself committing a vile or a silly action, for no other reason than because he knows he should not? Have we not a perpetual inclination, in the teeth of our best judgment, to violate that which is Law, merely because we understand it to be such? This spirit of perver seness, I say, came to my final overthrow.It was this unfathomable longing of the soul to vex itself—to offer violence to its own nature—to do wrong for the wrong’s sake only—that urged me to continue and finally to consummate the injury I had inflicted upon the unoffending brute. The narrator is not Poe, but Poe used details of his own experience in the character of the narrator. Indeed, Poe places the subconscious condition of the mind under investigation and probes beneath the surface of normal existence. What interests him most is the deep abyss of the unconscious and subconscious mental activity of the people, the subterranean recesses of the mind at work.

The Islamic State Of Iraq And Syria - 1592 Words

The radical Islamic terrorist organization, recently re-titled â€Å"the Islamic State,† has existed under several names since the 1990s. Its history is an epic of how modern terrorism progressed from a religious and political ideal into an obliterating cult. The Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) is a properly-armed group that is a threat to the global security. ISIS, whose merciless members delight in murdering innocent people, must be destroyed before its fanatical followers carry out further genocides. There is an ongoing debate on whether the United States ought to take stronger military actions against the extremist organization, ISIS, or not. Supposing that the United State does not act promptly, ISIS will fortify its territory and†¦show more content†¦They are sacrificing natural laws and human mortality in their pursuit to prevent corruption. ISIS forbids freedom of speech and implements their laws by force, ignoring the fact that every individual has the right to speak for themselves. By viciously persecuting those of different races and religions, ISIS implements extreme forms of Islamic law in the regions it controls (â€Å"Islamic State (ISIS)†). For instance, recently ISIS has carried out a mass beheading of twenty-one Christian, Egyptian individuals living in Libya and continually murder anyone who refuses to convert to Islam or refuses to follow their extreme regulations of Islam. Apart from extorting Iraq, the Islamic state sell Iraqis artifacts and tax civilians, to raise funds to carry out its unlawful movements (â€Å"Islamic State (ISIS)†). ISIS commits countless activities that are prohibited by many constitutional laws set in developed countries. Since the United States’ army has been involved in many major world wars, in addition to the Korean, Vietnam, and the Gulf War, it ought to be involved in the Global War on Terrorism to aid many innocent civilians who are being tortured without a cause. To remain as a world power and to secure its status and position in foreign countries, the United States is obliged to take a strong action against this radical group, remembering that if ISIS continues to spread there is no doubt that they will reach the west and United States’ borders.

Structuralism And The Development Of Psychology - 874 Words

By studying our behavior the development of psychology has developed over time 2.a) structuralism- early school of psychology that used introspection to study the structure of the human mind (Edward B. Titchener) functionalism- from an evolutionary process, a school of psychology is focused on how mental and behavioral processes function Behavioral- an objective form of science that studies behavior without reference to mental process b) Gestalt- Max Wertheimer sought to explain perceptions in terms of results rather than by analyzing their constituents c)Psychoanalytic/psychodynamic-Sigmund Freud revolutionized psychology with his theory of psychoanalytic, he believed he discovered the unconscious mind. Can also be used to study dream†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"The origin of Species† Sigmund Freud: father of psychoanalysis, he argued that most thoughts and impulses came from the unconscious. Psychodynamic perspective G. Stanley Hall: Founder of the American psychological association was elected as the first president Williams James: principles of psych. Described psych as the study of mental life, studied functions of thoughts and feelings which help adapt Dorothea Dix: teacher, nurse, humanitarian, and social reformer of the mentally ill Ivan Pavlov: first studies on classical conditioning, perspective of behavioral theory Jean Piaget: published the book â€Å"Moral Judgement of children†, focused on cognitive development Carl Rogers: psychotherapy established humanistic psych B.F Skinner: â€Å"The behavior of organisms† Margaret Washburn: worked on animal behavior and motor theory development John B. Watson: originator behavioral psych Wilhelm Wundt: founder of experimental psychology Evolutionary: examines thoughts and actions in terms of natural selection.traits that benefit survival getting passed on Biological- observe behaviors and reactions of organisms to record their reaction to certain things also conditioning can be used in experiment Cognitive: used to observe human thought and behavior in terms of how we interpret, process and remember environmental events Biopsychosocial- views that attribute disease outcome to the intricate, variableShow MoreRelatedStructuralism And Functionalism Of American Psychology Essay1154 Words   |  5 PagesDescription This lecture podcast discussing structuralism and functionalism in the development of American psychology must have a road map for how I will chart this brief course through such a brilliant history with characters as large as Lady Liberty. Therefore, I will begin by discussing the historical nature and foundational construct of structuralism, functionalism, the process of change for American psychology to be where it is today, and finish with a summary. I will also make available theRead MoreThe Historical History Of American Psychology Essay1091 Words   |  5 PagesThe historical underpinnings of American psychology came by way of Francis Bacon and John Stuart Mill philosophy, Charles Darwin evolutionary biology, Chauncey Wright evolutionary psychology, and Wilhelm Wundt volunteer psychology generally (Green, 2009; Wright, 1873). From these philosophical and biological contributors came two major schools of American psychology, namely structuralism and functionalism (Green, 2009 ; Caldwell, 1899; biological terms; see Boucher, 2015, pp. 384-385), which emergedRead MoreCompare and Contrast Structuralism and Functionalism1310 Words   |  6 PagesCOMPARE AND CONTRAST STRUCTURALISM AND FUNCTIONALISM In my opinion both of the theories structuralism and functionalism involved the study of the human mind and how it works and they were both concerned with the mind at the conscious level. Personally, my feel of the two is that functionalism is more important than structuralism. I believe that functionalism is far better school than structuralism as it is more flexible and scientific in nature which I can relate myself with. I happen to thinkRead MoreSchool of Thoughts in Psychology1604 Words   |  7 PagesMajor Schools of Thought in  Psychology When psychology was first established as a science separate from biology and philosophy, the debate over how to describe and explain the human mind and behavior began. The first school of thought, structuralism, was advocated by the founder of the first psychology lab, Wilhelm Wundt. Almost immediately, other theories began to emerge and vie for dominance in psychology. The following are some of the major schools of thought that have influenced our knowledgeRead MoreSchool of Thought1108 Words   |  5 PagesPage1 When psychology was first established as a science it separated from biology and philosophy, the debate over how to describe and explain the human mind and behavior began. The first school of thought, structuralism, was advocated by the founder of the first psychology lab, Wilhelm Wundt. Almost immediately, other theories began to emerge and vie for dominance in psychology. The following are some of the major thought that have influenced our knowledge and understanding of psychology: StructuralismRead MoreHistory of Psychology852 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is Psychology? Psychology is said to be the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. The study of human behavior, development, and learning; and also seeks to understand and explain thought, emotion, and behavior. Today the question we are doing falls under the History of Psychology. It deals with the earlier schools (Structuralism and Functionalism) and compares them with the most recent schools of psychology (Gestalt psychology, Psychoanalysis and CognitiveRead MoreThe Theory Of Psychology And New Schools1057 Words   |  5 PagesThere exist various schools of psychology, each having a different approach. Most psychologists agree that no one ‘approach is correct. Each has its strengths and weaknesses and adds to our understanding of human behaviour. Over the years there have been various significant developments in psychology, and new schools have developed which try to fill the gaps of previous approaches and offer a new perspective. The timeline could be traced from Structuralism (Wundt, 1879), which was the first schoolRead MoreBehaviorism And The First American Psychological Revolution963 Words   |  4 Pagesarticles discussing behaviorisms and its development through various schools of theories, in addition known researchers and conclusions. The first article that illustrates behaviorism is, â€Å"Behaviorism at 100† by Ledoux (2012), which details the last 50 years of the study of behaviorism. The next article is â€Å"Behaviorism† by Moore (2011), maps the beginning of behaviorism with B.F.Skinner and addressing functionalism and structuralism. The article named â€Å"Psychology as the behaviorist views it†, writtenRead MoreFoundation of Psychology773 Words   |  4 PagesFoundation of Psychology Psychology is the study of human behavior and mind. According to Psychology: The Study of Mental Processes and Behavior defined psychology as the scientific investigation of mental processes (thinking, remembering, feeling, etc.) and behavior. Psychology alone has more than one basic foundation. Psychology can be as broad as biology and as detailed as philosophy, because it includes humans who are very complex in nature. Psychology involves more than how people act;Read MoreEssay on The History of Psychology1423 Words   |  6 PagesThe History of Psychology In order to discuss Psychologys history, it is important to understand that psychology still does not have one unifying approach unlike the natural sciences; even the definition of Psychology and what it truly means is still undecided. However I shall attempt to review chronologically its philosophical origins, include how the science of Physics and Biology were placed

Negative Effects Of Social Media On Youth - 1088 Words

Social media is best left alone Social media is considered to be a huge stepping stone in the technological age; it allows for connections to be made across all social and economic platforms. There are many positive accomplishments we can attribute to social media, there are also some very negative side effects that go hand in hand with the use of social media. From the absence of soft skills to the lasting damage of focus, social media may not be the saving grace we are looking for. The wide spread use of social media has detrimental effects on the development of today’s youth. The detrimental effects social media has on today’s youth should make us rethink our evolution of technology. The repeated use of social media is harmful to†¦show more content†¦90% of teachers have stated that short attention spans and easily distracted generation was created by the digital technology (Richtel). Indirectly studies have shown that in adsolent brains continual use of tec hnology, specifically the constant stimulation and swift changes in attention spans, has effected the performance of students (Richtel). Many kids spend all waking hours being constantly surrounded by stimulation so when given a task that doesn’t require or have the necessary stimulation students then find it hard to participate and focus on the task at hand. In addition, with information being rapidly available students spend more time multitasking during school rather than strengthening their ability to sit down and focus onto one single subject for more than a short period of time. Along with that the constant stimulus of technology has led to the decrease in student’s ability to retain information taught in school, due to being constantly surrounded by abbreviations and sloppy syntax. More and more students are forgetting grammar rules and the basic ability to spell due to repeated exposure (Aldiyer). Majority of this problem lies in the technological use at early ages as students spend time in school learning properly how to use grammar and spelling but then at home completely back tract and do not use proper grammar or spelling. It is not a new phenomenon that social media and technology has detrimental effects on our mental and physicalShow MoreRelatedNegative Effects Of Social Media On Youth1535 Words   |  7 PagesSocial media sites allow millions of people to interact with friends,family and anyone around the world. A large portion of social media users are teenagers; researchers and parents both believe that social media is having a multitude of possible effects on teenagers. This literature review will analyze research of the positive and negative effects social media are having on today’s impressionable youth. Much of the research focuses on the age range of 10-16 from well-to-do families and college studentsRead MoreEffects Of Social Media On Youth1656 Words   |  7 PagesConsequences of social media on youth In recent years Social media has become a major way of communication among people. People entertain themselves by using social media sites like Facebook, Twitter, Myspace, Instagram and many more. No matter where someone lives everyone is using and connected to these social sites. Social media is a term used for interaction between people in which they share and exchange ideas through blogs and social sites. Social media refers as a platform that helps usersRead MoreEffects Of Social Media Essay946 Words   |  4 PagesHow does social networking affect teens? Social Networking is â€Å" the use of dedicated websites and applications to interact with other or to find people with similar interests†. 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Retrieved March 15 2013 lt;http://smallbusiness.chron.com/negative-effect-social-media-society-individuals-27617.htmlgt;. This is an article which talks about how the social networking system, although looks really great is in the same way has a negative effect in the society. False sense of communication is one of the many problems social networking faces. Social mediaRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effects On Society1592 Words   |  7 Pagesdevelopment of vast social media networks has improved our communications and interactions. These networks, such as Facebook and Twitter, are essential to how information is shared and criticized. The Social Media Handbook defines social media as â€Å"networked information services designed to support in-depth interaction, community formation, collaborative opportunities and collaborative work† (Hunsinger, 2014 p.1). Having an account or profile on these sites is more than a social norm; it is a requirementRead MoreThe Effects Of Rap Music On Social Behavior Essay1693 Words   |  7 PagesIn society today, it is highly noticed that the role of rap music me ssages and video images of violence causes an increase in negative emotions, thoughts and behaviors which could lead to violence amongst youth. Rap music has been at the center of concern in regards to the potential harmful effect of violent media on social behavior amongst youth. This potential behavior could be seen in the music video titled â€Å"Kim† by Eminem. In this music video, the storyline, language and sound encourages hostileRead MoreMedia Violence And Its Effects1057 Words   |  5 Pages Media violence exposure has been investigated as a risk factor for aggression behavior for years. The impact of exposure to violence in the media the long term development and short term development of aggressive behavior has been documented. 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Numerous studies online social media have showed that such sites are impacting andRead MoreYouth and the Media Essay1247 Words   |  5 PagesYouth and the Media A major stepping stone in the path of contemporary youth is that of the media and it’s all to often fatalistic, unfavourable and adverse representation of today’s youth. The media primarily are modes of communication in contemporary culture

Five Minds for the Future free essay sample

About the Author:2 Summary2 Applying the Book to Human Resource Management6 Conclusion6 About the Author: Howard Gardner is a renowned American Psychologist and writer who currently holds a position as an adjunct professor at Harvard University. Among numerous honors, Gardner had received a MacArthur Prize Fellowship and honorary degrees from twenty-nine colleges and universities, including institutions in Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, South Korea and Spain. In 2005 and 2008, he was selected by Foreign Policy and Prospect magazines as one of the 100 most influential public intellectuals in the world. Gardner’s famous books include Responsibility at Work, Changing Minds, Good Work: Theory and Practice, Multiple intelligences and Five Minds for the Future. Summary This book revolves around the five minds that Howard Gardner perceives to be an ideal achievement for the future generations. Gardner believes that in order to overcome the challenges of the future, one has to be well equipped with all of these five minds. With a comprehensive outlook on each mind, Gardner presents in front of us, a beautiful arrangement of reasons explaining why he believes one should possess these features of a mind. He emphasizes that it may not be possible to achieve each characteristic of the minds mentioned by Gardner to the optimum level, one can always attempt to accomplish a certain level of each mindset in order to live a successful and balanced mind in the future. Gardner strongly believes that these minds prepare us to face the unexpected. Whereas these minds have played a significant role in the history, they are even more essential for us because of the array of externalities emerging in the future. The five minds that Gardner throws light upon are: 1. The Disciplined Mind 2. The Synthesizing Mind 3. The Creating Mind 4. The Ethical Mind 5. The Respectful Mind Gardner informs us that these five minds are chosen from the plethora of other mind characteristics that are essential for human effectiveness in the future. The reason why Gardner believes that these minds are more crucial to develop is that they cover the cognitive as well as the behavioral part of the human activities. They also encompass the needs of the society and the requirement of an individual in it. Gardner thinks that Education plays a vital role in developing all of these roles, however due to the ancestral conservation of the society; development of such mindsets has not been largely served by the function of education. We still do not encourage disciplines like liberal arts and social sciences to be a curriculum for the training of individuals. These disciplines help an individual identify himself and then realize his or her potential. Another strong reason which Gardner presents as a support for the need for the development of these minds is the fast track dynamics of the globe. With changes occurring within flick of an eye, one has to be armed with a mindset that can cope up with the ups and downs that these changes bring along. Hence science is not the only field that can suffice the need of human knowledge. We need to broaden the spectrum of our educational systems, for they largely rely on preparing us in a method that is now obsolete. Hence, the formal education systems are preparing us for the past, not for the future. Gardner signifies that the challenges of globalization need to be met with a holistic approach towards learning, where an individual is taught not just books, but lessons of life. Gardner regards the spiritual and humanistic stances to be strong players in determining an individual’s viewpoint towards life. Moving forward, Gardner describes each type of mind characteristics and underlines what steps a human should take to achieve the characteristic. Starting from the disciplined mind, Gardner defines it as a mind that is well equipped with traditional and modern erudite disciplines like history, math and science. The knowledge should not limit to the boundaries of formal education and one should dive into the depths in order to understand the core concepts. Gardner believes that a scholarly mind channelizes human thoughts and gives it a direction. If a mind is not schooled properly, it is likely to get carried away by unnecessary beliefs. Facts and statistics are not just bits and pieces of information. They have a lot to comprehend and therefore, a mind ready for the future should be well trained in essential disciplines. Next, Gardner informs us about the Synthesizing mind and its course of action. He highlights that a synthesizing mind is capable to extract the relevant information from the floods of information directed towards us, screens it and uses it in complement to the activities that demand its employment. Linking together ideas and concepts have largely become a key to understanding the complexities. If one has the ability to weave together strands of information and develop a strategy that is on the go, he is highly likely to excel in the future. Another mind characteristic that Gardner throws light over is the Creating mind and its relevance to the future. A creating mind always comes up with questions that help you enter new genres and explore the existing ones. Gardner signifies that the major reason why humans still have control is because of the spark of innovation in them which computers cannot come up with. Creativity is something which the world runs after and the reason for that is the dynamics of the world. Every idea once executed soon becomes obsolete. Hence, the globe demands constant supply of creativity in order to thrive. Bringing the social realm into the picture, Gardner develops the idea of a Respectful mind and its need of the hour. A respectful mind incorporates differences among groups, encouraging diversity and pluralism. A person who develops a respectful mind develops a tendency in him that acknowledges and accepts the distinctiveness of each human group. Dealing with stereotypes and prejudices is no big deal for the mind and the concept of civil society is deep rooted in every respectful mind. Being empathic towards those around, this mind helps you deal with the collectivist nature of a human and the conflicts that come under its baggage. Lastly, Gardner talks about the Ethical mind that keeps ethical framework as a forerunner in the decision making process at the workplace and elsewhere. Recognizing the ethical relativity, this mind feature exhibits abidance of values and principles that shape up our character. With a variety of mirror tests and other variables, this mind enables a person to hear the voice of its conscience. With the constant motive of self-interest of every organization, the ethical mind protects an individual from becoming a slave to his materialistic instincts. Such mind also helps an individual deal with the daily work issues that pose the question of right and wrong on his table. Gardner believes if our educational systems help our children develop all of these five minds, they will definitely be competent enough to tackle the challenges that the future has in store for them. A good balance of all of these five minds is an ideal personality for the future times. Applying the Book to Human Resource Management Applying Gardner’s five minds to the discipline of human resource management can reveal extremely beneficial outcomes. Gardner believes that the training and development of an organization should incorporate activities that nurture these minds and individuals. As these minds are strongly related to the needs of an employee on a daily basis, training programs designed on the foundation of these five minds can result in an organization achieving human capital that is ready to solve any issue that can emerge in the future. From the succeeding in a decision making process to functioning in a demanding workplace, the minds serve as constant innovating factors enriching the organization. an essential function of human resource management departments of the organizations is to conduct performance appraisals. such appraisals are often subjected to criticism on the fact that each employee possesses a different mindset and hence should be evaluated accordingly. If the performance management systems are designed keeping in mind these mind types, they can highlight  to the employee their current status and provide a concrete vision as to what are the expectations from that employee. Conclusion Howard Gardner’s Five Minds for the Future is a book that is an enriching collection of guidelines that not only precautions but also prepares us for the upcoming challenges of the future. With Gardner’s rich and relatable explanations, it definitely broadens the horizon of the reader and takes him into an in depth insight of himself and of those around him. Hence, this book is an ideal read for every occupation.

Nike free essay sample

Every athlete? Or every soccer player? This particular Nike advertisement is trying to bring excitement and passion to the viewer. It is trying to bring the viewer to a state of mind in which he or she is really pumped. Where the viewer can fully understand and intake the broad yet specific message that can directed to every athlete, soccer player and your average Joe. When looking at this advertisement the viewer is able to notice that there are three main descriptions. Each one targets a certain audience but all together target everyone. In this advertisement Nike does not target a specific product but targets the whole Nike industry. The first symbol that is noticed in the ad, a person in this case, that the viewer notices is this random guy screaming as if just winning something valuable, a game, prize, etc.. That random guy is meant to target anyone who sees the advertisement because everyone would like to win something as big as what this guy has seem to won and would also like to feel that state of thrill. We will write a custom essay sample on Nike or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Even though the viewer might have clue who this man is or might not even know company that created the commercial he or she will feel a sense of pride and accomplishment from just noticing the mans facial and body expressions. The second description that is noticed in the advertisement is Nikes famous Just Do It check mark logo trademark. Nike is known throughout most of the world; and most people are familiar with the Nike brand and its products. This element focuses on many athletes in general because Nike as a manufacturer produces athletic gear and products anywhere from mouth guards to tennis rackets. Even Nikes formal line of clothing is sporty looking. A good number of people who would identify the Just Do It trademark and check mark logo as a representative of Nike are probably athletes or have some background knowledge that Nike is a sporting good company and with this advertisement specifically this element (logo and trademark). Nike is in particular reaching out to athletes or people who have a more enhanced knowledge of Nike, its logos and its products as well. Wayne Rooney is the final element that this advertisment uses to communicate to the reader. Only people who know this man are those who are familiar with soccer. People who would most likely identify this man as soccer are mostly soccer fans of Rooney or are familiar with his work. The viewer can either be a general soccer fan, a Manchester United fan, or English fan or all of them. The viewers who are not familiar with soccer or Wayne wouldnt recognize him. They wouldnt know that he is a soccer player who plays for Manchester United club and Englands national soccer team as well. So just with knowing Wayne Rooney would mean that this advertisement targets soccer fans, Manchester United fans and English fans. If it’s either the warrior man, Just Do it, check mark, or Wayne Rooney these elements that Nike uses can be broad and very specific at the same time according to the viewer’s background information about each element. If a viewer does not find a relationship between any of the symbols used in this advertisement then Nike is probably producing products that are not suitable for that particular viewer. This advertisement is trying to give the viewer some kind of excuse (excitement, background information about the company and its logos and trademarks) to bring Nike and the viewer on equal grounds as well as promote Nikes products. Overall, the purpose of this advertisement is to give the viewer a few elements that he or she might bond with according to their background information and get the viewer to be more familiar with Nike and its products. Nike is trying to tell this viewer on a general scale that it supports his or hers enthusiasm about sports and adrenaline as well as communicating with the viewer on a more precise scale, which is soccer. This advertisement also uses pathos and ethos to better communicate with the audience. Pathos is used in the intensity of winning and pride. Ethos is used in awakening the athlete through Rooney and Just Do It†. Nike’s advertisement is not solely focusing on one product but on Nike itself as a sporting good company and producer.

Teenagers and Students Essay Example

Teenagers and Students Essay People in this group are young children that are still at compulsory education which means they will not need any big loans from bank to pay off any expenses e.g. University fees, although their parents might want to set up a savings account for them for when they grow up. Their parents and guardians will also support them so they should be responsible for any of their financial needs. Teenagers and Students (17-22) Teenagers and students from the age of 17 to 22 are quite different from the school age youth. This is because they are no longer at compulsory education and their financial needs have increased so their parents or guardians may support them less financially, because they will be expected to get a job. This means they will need to open a bank account so that when they do get in to the world of work their salary can be paid directly to the account. There are lots of financial services available to teenagers and students e.g. credit cards, but they might not be open to all of the major credit card companies e.g. (Master card, Visa, American express) because they do not have any credit history so they will need to start off with a student credit card. We will write a custom essay sample on Teenagers and Students specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Teenagers and Students specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Teenagers and Students specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Some people in this group will be finishing 6th form / college and be looking to go University and take their education to a next level but this in not cheap so they may need a bank loan to pay for the University fees. Post-education / pre-families (23-30) People in this group are young adults that have just finished university and looking to start a family. So this means that their financial needs will be quite great. This is because people in this group will be paying off student loans for their university fees. They might also want to get a mortgage to buy a house just to start off a family. The parents may perhaps open up a bank account to start saving for their childrens future university fees. Established families (40-50) Established families will be still paying off their mortgages and other financial debts. Parents in this stage will still be at work to keep on supporting their family financially. Their kids will be close to the time of leaving their house so there parents will be saving money for their kids university fees, if they decide to go on to further education. In addition they might also want to start thinking about starting life insurance Mature household (50-60) People in the mature household sector are at the stage of their life where there children will be moving out of the house and going on to further education at university, this means that the parents may be saving for their childrens university fees. At this time of their life they should have paid off or be close to paying off their mortgages and financial debts, but this all depends on how high their income is. Parents in this life stage will be thinking about life insurance so they will need to pay money in to their life insurance. Retired pensioners (60+) At this stage of their life they should have paid off their mortgages and other financial services. Pensioners are at a stage in their life where they do not have any big financial responsibilities. They will only be paying for personal needs E.g. clothes and food. This is because at this time of their life their children will be definitely moved out of the house. Pensioners are being supported financial by the government. Task 3 Introduction In task 3 I have been asked to design and create a fact sheet that explains three different banking services available to two people at different life stages, the people I am going to choose are Students and young families. Bank Services available for Students from Royal bank of Scotland and Barclays Bank Graduate current account A current account is used to hold funds for an individual. The benefit of having a current account is that it is an easy way of adding interest to the money that is in the account. Students will need a current account for many reasons, like salaries and benefits can be paid in and paying bills can be made a lot easier. This is because money can automatically put in and the bill will be automatically paid via direct debit. The account will also give interest on the balance will help their money grow. The graduate royalties account is available for 3 years and comes with an interest free overdraft up à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½2000. An overdraft is a service that enables the account holder to withdraw over and above what they actually have in the account. Overdrafts are only available to people over the age of 18. This service will be appropriate for teenagers because it is flexibility on those occasions when you might need to spend before your money is paid in. This is also a preparation for teenagers to handle loans and credit cards because it is the banks money they are handling on a small scale. Student Credit from The royal Bank of Scotland A credit card allows customers to purchase goods on credit. This means that the customer will not have to pay for the good at the time of the transaction. The banks loans the customer money by a credit card. This loan is interest free for a short period time (after which the APR is usually quite high). The student Credit Card is designed for student life. It is a big breakthrough for students when they need all their essential needs. Food, clothes and books. When you add up all the expenses of student living it comes at a big price. On the student credit card there is up to 56 days interest free credit and this should come as good news (if the customer pays the balance in full and one time and have paid the previous months balance in full and on time) If not the interest rates will apply. The card is very flexible because it can be managed online from a computer or MAC to check balances etc. Graduate loan from Barclays Bank A loan is when a bank lends a customer money for a long term period. Interest rates vary depending on the sum of money taken out and the time taken to pay it back The graduate loan from Barclays bank is designed for students at university that are reaching their peek at university and getting ready to graduate. At this point in their life they are not really financial blessed so the graduate loan will help the individual settle down in their new life. The customer can borrow up à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½10,000 and can apply for repayment terms up to 60 months so this is really good and flexible for the individual. Fixed interest rates so monthly repayments never change. Loan Amount Representative APR Repayment Term* Monthly Repayment Total Payable à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½3,000 8.4% 60 months à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½62.38 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½3,742.80 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½5,000 8.4% 60 months à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½103.97 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½6,238.20 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½10,000 8.4% 60 months à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½207.93 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½12,475.80 Bank Services available for Young Families at HSBC First time buyer mortgage from Barclays bank A mortgage is the transfer of an interest in property (or in law the equivalent a charge) to a lender as a security for a debt usually a loan of money. While a mortgage in itself is not a debt, it is lenders security for a debt. It is a transfer of an interest in land (or the equivalent), from the owner to the mortgage lender, on the condition that this interest will be returned to the owner of the real estate when the terms of the mortgage have been satisfied or performed. In other words, the mortgage is a security for the loan that the lender makes to the borrower. The first time buyer mortgage from Barclays bank is designed for people who are looking to buy their first home. So the first time buyer mortgage is designed to make this easy for the customer. There is a 2 year fixed rate mortgage so the customer can budget better at the start of their mortgage. Mortgage Interest rate Application fee What can I borrow? Early Repayment Charge 2-year fixed rate 6.49% until 31/01/2010, then for the remaining term BBBR + 0.95% currently 6.45%. The overall cost for comparison is 6.8% APR à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½995 Up to 95% of the value of your home 3% of the balance repaid until 31/01/2010 2-year fixed rate 6.79% until 31/01/2010, then for the remaining term BBBR + 0.95% currently 6.45%. The overall cost for comparison is 6.8% APR None Up to 95% of the value of your home 3% of the balance repaid until 31/01/2010 BBBR = Barclays Bank Base Rate. Homeowner loan from Barclays bank The homeowner loan is simply made for people that own a home and need to borrow between à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½5000 and à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½100,000. The payments can be paid over 25 years and the monthly outgoings could be reduced by 50% this is achieved by spreading your new loan over a longer term. By doing this, your overall interest payments will increase. Platinum Credit Card from the royal bank of Scotland The platinum credit card from the royal bank of Scotland is designed for people that are over 25 and earn more than à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½25,000 a year. This is clear the key charteristcs of an individual in the young families life stage. The customer can get 0% interest for 13 months from when they open their account and also pay 0% interest on balance transfers. Summary Box The information contained in this table summarises key product features and is not intended to replace any terms and conditions. APR Typical 13.9% APR (variable) Other Interest Rates Introductory Rate Monthly Rate Annual Rate Simple Effective Purchases 0% for 3 months 1.094% 13.128% p.a. 13.947% p.a. Balance Transfers 0% for 13 months 1.094% 13.128% p.a. 13.947% p.a. Cash Advances N/A 1.873% 22.476% p.a. 24.942% p.a. Money Transfers N/A 1.094% 13.128% p.a. 13.947% p.a. Interest Free Period Maximum 56 days for purchases if you pay your balance in full and on time, and have paid the previous months balance in full and on time no interest free period on cash advances or money transfers. Interest free period on balance transfers only applies to the introductory period. Interest Charging Information The periods over which interest is charged are as follows: From Until Purchases transaction date repaid in full Balance transfers transaction date repaid in full Cash advances transaction date repaid in full Money transfers date debited to your account repaid in full Allocation of Payments We will apply payments we receive to your account in the following order: Interest on special offers Other interest, any fee and charges Special offers Purchases and balance transfers Cash advances and money transfers See section 2(D) (b) of your Credit Card Agreement for full details. Minimum repayment Greater of 2.25% of your balance (rounded down to the nearest pound) or à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½5 each month. Please note: we do not recommend that you only ever make your minimum payment. Amount of credit Minimum initial credit limit is à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½300 and maximum is à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½20,000. All other credit limits (including the maximum available) are subject to status. Fees No Annual Fee. Charges Cash advances (except gambling transactions) subject to a handling fee of 2.5% with a minimum of à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½2.50; Balance transfers subject to a fee of 2.5% (min à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½5) during the first three months from account opening unless you qualify for exemption from that fee or are notified of a different fee under the terms of a special offer we make in connection with your application; Foreign exchange transactions subject to conversion fee of 2.75% (including purchase of foreign currency and travellers cheques); Copies of statements are subject to a fee of à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½3. Default charges Late payment and over limit fees are à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½12; administration fee of à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½10 to process dishonoured cheque or direct debit; administration fee of à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½12 to return unpaid promotional cheque to prevent you going over your limit. This is the rates and fees from the platinum credit card from the rbs (http://www.rbs.co.uk/personal/credit-cards/g1/platinum.ashx#tabs=section2) Task 4 Introduction: In task 4 I have been asked to explain the distinctive features of two selected retail banking services that render them suitable for two contrasting customers. 7.9% APR typical on Barclays bank personal loan. Annual percentage rate (APR) is the simplified counterpart to the effective interest rate the borrower will pay on a loan. In many countries and jurisdictions, lenders (such as banks) are required to disclose the cost of borrowing in some standardized way as a form of consumer protection. APR is intended to make it easier to compare lenders and loan options. The APR is likely to differ from the note rate or headline rate advertised by the lender, due to the addition of other fees that may need to be included in the APR. However the APR can be found simply by asking the lender, or reading the section about APR in your contract. Typical: The typical part of the annual percentage rate means that the percentage rate may not be the same as the advertisements. The changes are made due to the position of the applicant, depending on how much dept they are in, the level of income they are having etc. People in all life stages will be looking for the lowest Annual percentage rate. 5.25% AER on e saving reward from Barclays bank. Annual Equivalent Rate is a notional rate thats generally quoted on interest paid on savings and investments. It purports to demonstrate what interest return would be if the interest was compounded and paid annually instead of monthly (or any other period). If an account pays interest more than once a year, say, for example, monthly or quarterly, then the AER is calculated by adding each interest payment to the deposit and then calculating the next interest payment, compounding the interest. Thus, on accounts where interest is paid quarterly, the AER will be slightly higher than the quoted gross rate because of the compound interest earned on the interest paid during the year[T1]. Task 5 Introduction: In task 5 I have been asked to describe two retail banking providers that might be considered appropriate to the likely financial needs of two contrasting customers. I will be explaining for is post education / pre families and established families. I will use Barclays bank and the post office Barclays bank will be appropriate for a senior student in university finishing their degree and preparing to have a family. This is because they will be looking for a retail bank to offer them a basic current account to enable them to manage their bills and other finances. People in this life stage will not want to focus on saving or investing although they might want to leave some money aside. Barclays also provides saving products. So if a senior student wants to invest or save large amounts they have a wide range of saving facilities to choose from such as long term savings plans or short term saving plans. This can be managed via online banking so it will make it very easy and save time for the customer. Barclays offers insurance products for all kind of possessions. Such as life, care, home and travel. This will be appropriate for someone in this life stage because they will have lots of important things that will need to be insured. Post office will be appropriate for people in the established family life stage this is because it is more about saving and investments. This will be good because it will help them save for the future whether it is for their children or just for the future. The post office provides the instant saver service, witch has a great rate of 3.75% AER. There is great access to their service because they have over 13000 branches across the uk. Plus over 60000 ATMs across the uk. In addition the account can be managed via online banking. The instant saver offers a double interest guarantee. The first guarantee is to pass on any rise in the bank of England base for 2 years. The second guarantee is that the customers interest rate will never be more that 1% below the bank of England base rate for the life of the account. All interest is paid in annually. The post office also provides a child trust fund. This will be very suitable for people in the established life stage because their life will be comfortable and established so the will be in a good position to want to save for the future and for their children. The child trust fund is a stake holder account. Which means it has strict standards that must be met by the government, and one of these standards is that some of the money must be invested in shares. Task 6 Introduction In this task I have been asked to describe three savings products which will be considered appropriate to the financial needs of two contrasting customers at a given life stage and the customers that I am going to do are people in mature house holds and young families. Savings Builder from Barclays bank The savings builder is for people who have at least à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½10,000 to save, and wants a great rate of interest with easy access to their account via the Internet and telephone. These will be key characteristics of an adult in a mature household. Interest is calculated on the daily statement balance of the account and is payable monthly on the first working day of the month. The rates of interest depend on the account balance and whether any withdrawals have been made from the account in the previous calendar month. Where no withdrawals have been made interest is calculated at the higher range of rates applicable to the account balance. On the other hand when or more withdraws have been made the interest is calculated at the lower range of rates applicable to the account balance. So this will encourage the customer to save. The Saving builders from Barclays Bank will be appropriate for people in an established family as well. Established families should be able to have at least à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½10,000 if they would like to use the service. The rates of interest depend on the account balance and whether any withdrawals have been made from the account in the previous calendar month. Where no withdrawals have been made interest is calculated at the higher range of rates applicable to the account balance. On the other hand when or more withdraws have been made the interest is calculated at the lower range of rates applicable to the account balance. So this will encourage the customer to save. Day to Day Savings Account from Barclays Bank The Day to Day savings account is designed for someone who will need immediate access to their money for unplanned expenses or special treats, which will be part of a universitys students life style. The customer doesnt have to be a regular saver and it is cheap to open with just à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½1 which will be great for the customer. Plus a cash card is available allowing the customer to withdraw up to à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½300. Day to Day Savings Open from à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½1 Maximum deposit N/A Interest rate 4.26% AER (4.18% gross pa)à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Access Instant Interest paid (frequency) Monthly Account management Branch, phone, cash card and online (if registered this for Online Banking) The day to day savings account will be appropriate for established families. This is because established families will be settled in their homes heading towards paying off their mortgage, so this means that they will be able to afford to take money out on a day to day basis. In addition believe that adults in this life stage will have unexpected things to pay for like birthdays and day to day maintenance of their child. High Interest Deposit Bond from HSBC Bonds are usually referred to as risk-free bonds, because the government can raise taxes or simply print more money to redeem the bond at maturity. Some counter examples do exist where a government has defaulted on its domestic currency debt, such as Russia in 1998 (the ruble crisis), though this is very rare. The high interest deposit bond is designed for people in the established families life stage. This is because it is designed for people who have between à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½2000 and à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½50000 in savings and concerned about falling interest rates and looking to change the rate of their savings. 5.75% AER /gross. Adults living in this lifestyle will have this kind of amount in savings so it will definitely be appropriate for them. The savings can be over 1, 2 or 3 years and the interested can be added on a monthly or annual basis. Effective Date Term Net % Gross % AER % High Interest Deposit Bond Monthly interest (Fixed Rate) 01.09.08 6 months 4.29 5.37 5.50 12 months 4.48 5.60 5.75 24 months 4.10 5.13 5.25 36 months 4.10 5.13 5.25 High Interest Deposit Bond from HSBC will also be suitable for people in the teenager and student lifestyle this is because students at university or post graduate students will be looking into saving money in high interest. There are a lot of different time scales they can invest for jus to suite them, whether it is 6 months or 3 years. This will be very appropriate because it will enable them to have a lot of money saved in the bank for when they leave university and preparing to start their own family. Task 8 Introduction In this task I have been asked to describe and explain in detail two investment products that will be considered appropriate for two contrasting customers at a given life stage. This will be people in teenager and student life stage and young families. Income Bonds from National Savings and Investments. Income Bonds provide the customer with a monthly income at a competitive variable interest rate, with no risk to their capital. Income Bonds from national savings and investments will be very suitable for young families because the people in this life stage will be doing post graduate work or finishing university. It will be very helpful because the income bonds will provide them with an additional monthly income. This will enable them to help out with your household outgoings, or to contribute to a few of lifes little luxuries. It is very convenient because they can choose to withdraw money when ever they want with no notice and no penalties. Income Bonds from national savings and investments will also be very appropriate for people in the teenager and students life stage. This is because people in this life style will be provided with an additional monthly income which will be very supportive for their day to day needs. It will be able to support them if their student loan has not been activated. It will also be very helpful for when they are about to leave university and preparing to live by themselves. Interest Rates Total Investment Gross rate pa AER Under à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½25000 4.45% 4.54% à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½25,000 + 4.70% 4.80% Gross is the taxable rate of interest without the deduction of UK Income Tax. AER (Annual Equivalent Rate) is a notional rate that illustrates what the annual rate of interest would be if the interest was compounded each time it was paid. Where interest is paid annually, the quoted rate and the AER are the same. The Baby Bond CTF account from The Childrens mutual The baby bond ctf account is stakeholder account for parents to save and invest their money for their kids for the later future in the governments way. This will definitely be the key characteristics of adults in the young family life stage. So that there is a chance for more potential growth, the baby bond account will be in a share-based fund. There are risks in doing this because the value of shares can go up and down, but the baby bond account is a long-term investment of 18 years so a big amount will be made despite the continuous change in the value to the shares. The minimum amount that can be paid in to start the account is à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½10 so it is easy and cheap to get started, and with all other contributions there could be a potential sum of up to à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½1200 and that is on top of the governments addition. The childs account is increased of its value by 1.5% The baby bond ctf account will be very suitable adults in the student life stage because it will be a great step to preparing for their childrens future it is a long-term investment of 18 years so a big amount will be made despite the continuous change in the value to the shares. The minimum amount that can be paid in to start the account is à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½10 so it is easy and cheap to get started, and with all other contributions there could be a potential sum of up to à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½1200 and that is on top of the governments addition. The childs account is increased of its value by 1.5% Total amount paid in (including à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½250 voucher and à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½250 at age 7) Possible value of Baby Bond(r) Stakeholder account in 18 years time Based on 5% growth each year Based on 7% growth each year Based on 9% growth each year à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½0 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½500 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½821 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½1,090 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½1,440 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½10 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½2,660 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½3,790 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½4,690 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½5,840 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½25 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½5,900 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½8,260 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½10,100 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½12,400 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½50 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½11,300 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½15,700 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½19,100 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½23,400 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½100 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½22,100 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½30,500 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½37,100 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½45,400 Task 9 Introduction In this task I have been asked to describe and explain three other financial services which might be appropriate to the likely financial needs of two contrasting customers. Income Protection from Royal Bank of Scotland Income protection is designed as a safety net to keep people financially healthy just in case of a long- term illness or accidental injury which could play havoc on peoples finances. I believe that this will be very appropriate for people in the mature household life stage. Simply because their life is moving at its peak so they will definitely need some sort of back up if something was to go wrong. It could help maintain your familys standard of living, providing a monthly income to help pay your mortgage, other debts or household bills. The plan is very flexible they can decide on how long they want their income to be paid if they are off work. It can be until any age from 50 to 65. The monthly income they receive under the plan is guaranteed until they are fit enough to back to work or until the plan end for example if they intend retirement age. Income protection will also be suitable and appropriate for people in the post education and pre families life stage. This is because they will be on the way up to starting their life on their own. So it will be vital for them to have some sort of safety net. This is because if there is no form of financial back up it will leave the individual in a very critical position. Travel Insurance from The Royal Bank Of Scotland Travel Insurance is designed to cover medical expenses, money invested in non-refundable pre- payments, and other losses that happen while travelling either within ones country, or internationally. The royal bank of Scotland will be very suitable insurance company for someone to choose because it is one of the biggest travel insurance companies in the UK so they have a big reputation to give their customers confidence in them. Travel insurance will be suitable for people in all life stages simply because everyone should be insured when they are away on holiday. But I think this will suite people in Mature households more because they will probably have the most expensive assets because they are one of the most families settled in their life. Travel insurance will be very suitable for people in post graduate and pre families life stage because people in this life stage are very active and tend to travel a lot so it will be very important for them to be insured whilst on holiday. Car Insurance from The Royal Bank Of Scotland Car insurance is insurance purchased for cars, trucks, and other vehicles. Its primary use is to provide protection against losses incurred as a result of traffic accidents and against liability that could be incurred in an accident. Car insurance from The Royal Bank Of Scotland is very good. They provide a courtesy car for the customer when there car is being repaired. If the customer has home insurance with the royal bank of Scotland they will save 15%. Although car insurance is vital for people in all life stages, this service will be very appropriate for people in mature household because of all the benefits that come with it such as the 15% discount that comes with the insurance. That is only available to people with home insurance, and that will be something that mature households will have. [T1] I do not know how to work out an example